Appraisal Of The Courts And Constitutionalism In Nigeria
Democracy is undoubtedly the commonest system of government mostly practiced in virtually all the countries of the world because it ensures the observance of people‟s rights and freedom. It is however basically characterized by three independent arms of government namely; the Legislative, Executive and the Judicial arm of government. While the Legislature is responsible for making laws and the Executive is charged with the implementation of such law, the Judiciary is responsible for the interpretation of the law in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. In line with the doctrine of separation of powers, which is a cardinal feature of a democratic system, the Nigerian Constitution guarantees the independence of the Judiciary. The Judiciary as an arm of government owes an essential duty to interpret the provisions of the law when they are in question, thus the court (judiciary) is referred to as the last hope of the common man.
Be that as it may, the idea of constitutionalism is yet another concept that primarily operates in a democratic setting. Constitutionalism however connotes the belief in a democratic government where the affairs of the state are operated according to the provisions of the law. Basically, this work will adopt a purposeful effort to scrutinize the liberal constitutionalism and capture its salient features not merely as an imposition of limitation on exercise of powers, but also as a mechanism for accountable and developmental exercise of powers. Although some Critics had severally argued that the principle of constitutionalism is rarely observed in this part of the world.
From the foregoing, the object of this work is principally in two folds. Firstly, to appraise the judiciary as an arm of government, vis-à-vis the Nigerian legal system. It is a common knowledge that the function of the judiciary is to provide judicial justice to the people where the circumstances so demand. Secondly, this work will make a deliberate attempt to properly examine the concept of Constitutionalism in our contemporary society. To this end, it is apposite to bring to the fore some concepts which are intricately intertwined with the principle of Rule of Law and how the courts had reacted to them in the last ten years.
Basically, this work aims to unravel the concept of constitutionalism by a critical look at the principles of Impeachment as well as Separation of Powers. These two concepts are technically related and there have been several controversies whether they are duly practiced according to the provisions of the Constitution. It is remarkable to stress that the stringent principles of compartmentalization of powers have not been religiously adhered to by most presidential government in the world; this fact is reinforced by the trends in the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the United State of America.
More so, tyranny and totalitarian tendencies are two elements which are most threatening today and they are fast encroaching on the territories of our communities. This assertion will be viewed from the political, social and legal prism in line with the concept of constitutionalism. On the whole, this conceptual analysis is primarily intended to provide for audiences who do not have access to Academic journals. It is also aimed at making the concepts less cumbersome to understand by drawing illustrations from avalanche of judicial cases.
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