Pc Based Stepper Motor Control For Robotic Applications
ABSTRACT
Robotics is interesting domain in the present engineering world. Here this project describes how to control a stepper motor using PC. This project is very useful in Robotics, for the Arm moment of the Robot and to move the robot forward and backward direction.
MAX232 IC is used for RS232 communication in this project. One of the 8051s many powerful features is its integrated UART, otherwise known as a serial port. The fact that the 8052 has an integrated serial port means that you may very easily read and write values to the serial port. If it were not for the integrated serial port, writing a byte to a serial line would be a rather tedious process requiring turning on and off one of the I/O lines in rapid succession to properly “clock out” each individual bit, including start bits, stop bits, and parity bits.
However, we do not have to do this. Instead, we simply need to configure the serial ports operation mode and baud rate. Once configured, all we have to do is write to an SFR to write a value to the serial port or read the same SFR to read a value from the serial port. The 8052 will automatically let us know when it has finished sending the character we wrote and will also let us know whenever it has received a byte so that we can process it. We do not have to worry about transmission at the bit level–which saves us quite a bit of coding and processing time.
Of all motors, step motor is the easiest to control. Its handling simplicity is really hard to deny – all there is to do is to bring the sequence of rectangle impulses to one input of step controller and direction information to another input. Direction information is very simple and comes down to “left” for logical one on that pin and “right” for logical zero. Motor control is also very simple – every impulse makes the motor operating for one step and if there is no impulse the motor won’t start.
Pause between impulses can be shorter or longer and it defines revolution rate. This rate cannot be infinite because the motor won’t be able to “catch up” with all the impulses. The key to driving a stepper is realizing how the motor is constructed. A diagram shows the representation of a 4 coil motor, so named because 4 coils are used to cause the revolution of the drive shaft. Each coil must be energized in the correct order for the motor to spin.
In this project, the stepper motor can be rotated in clock wise and anti-clock wise direction with 5 or 10 steps spin. This direction can be controlled by giving a command through PC’s hyper terminal tool. This project is also useful for positioning of Antenna.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROBLEM/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
2.2 REVIEW OF RELATED TERMS
2.3 OVERVIEW OF STPEPPER MOTOR
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.5 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.6 IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS CIRCUIT
3.7 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING
4.4.1 PRE-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.4.2 POST-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.5 RESULT
4.6 COST ANALYSIS
4.7 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
The Title Page should be the first section of your project “Pc Based Stepper Motor Control For Robotic Applications”, providing essential details like the project title, your name, your supervisor’s name, the institution, and the submission date. After that, the Abstract offers a brief summary of your project, touching on its purpose, methods, results, and conclusions in 150-300 words. The Acknowledgments section is where you can thank those who supported your research, such as your supervisor, peers, or organizations that provided resources.
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The main body of the Pc Based Stepper Motor Control For Robotic Applications should start with the Introduction, which provides background information, outlines the research problem, states your objectives, and gives a brief overview of your research methods. Following that, the Literature Review offers an in-depth look at previous research relevant to your project, identifying gaps your study aims to address. The Methodology section then explains the research design, tools, and data collection methods you used to conduct the project and analyze the data.
In the Results and Discussion section, you present your findings and discuss them in relation to the Pc Based Stepper Motor Control For Robotic Applications research questions or objectives, often using tables or charts to help explain the data. The Conclusion summarizes the key results, discusses their implications, and suggests possible directions for future research. You may also include recommendations based on your findings, offering practical advice for improvements or applications. Finally, the Pc Based Stepper Motor Control For Robotic Applications project should include a References or Bibliography section to list all the sources you cited, as well as Appendices for any additional material. A Statement of Originality is often included to confirm the authenticity of your work