Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System
ABSTRACT
The project is designed for automatic door opening and closing system using PIR sensor. Opening and closing of doors is always a tedious job, especially in places like shopping malls, hotels and theatres where a person is always required to open the door for visitors.
This project proposes a system of automatic opening and closing of door by sensing any body movement near the door. This is achieved with help of a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor. A live body generally emits infrared energy which is sensed by the PIR sensor from a considerable distance. This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a door motor through motor driver IC.
When a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor, it sends a logical command to open the door. The door automatically closes with a fixed time delay. If there is no further movement within the PIR operating range. Interrupt signals are used through limit switches to avoid locked rotor condition of the motor.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
An automatic opening and closing of door sensor is a motion detector: The most common single-technology motion detecting sensor uses passive infrared (PIR) energy to recognize the movement of heat in a protected space, such as a person walking near the door. It is most effective in detecting when the heat mass moves across its field of vision.
This project proposes a system of automatic opening and closing of door by sensing any body movement near the door. This is achieved with help of a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor. A live body generally emits infrared energy which is sensed by the PIR sensor from a considerable distance. This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a door motor through motor driver IC.
When a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor, it sends a logical command to open the door. The door automatically closes with a fixed time delay. If there is no further movement within the PIR operating range. Interrupt signals are used through limit switches to avoid locked rotor condition of the motor.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objective of an automatic opening and closing sensor is to open door by sensing any body movement near the door and later close the door
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Automatic doors operate with the help of sensors. Sensors do exactly what they sound like they’d do: they sense things. There are many different types of sensors that can sense different types of things, such as sound, light, weight, and motion.
For example, some automatic doors operate when they’re triggered by sensors that sense weight. These weight sensors might be disguised in a rubber mat in front of the door. When you step on the mat, the sensors send a signal to the automatic doors that tells them to open.
Other automatic doors operate on optic or motion sensors. These sensors might be mounted above a set of automatic doors or built on the top or the sides of the frame of the automatic doors.
When these optic or motion sensors sense motion nearby, they trigger the automatic doors to open and then close. This is why, when you approach a set of automatic doors, they will open as soon as you get close enough to activate the sensors.
Automatic doors have many useful purposes, which is why you can find them in many different types of locations. From supermarkets to airports and many types of large buildings, automatic doors make it easier for people to get into and out of buildings. They are especially helpful for people who are handicapped.
Similar to revolving doors, automatic doors also help to save energy, since they limit the amount of time that doors are open to only those times people are entering or exiting a building. And if you’ve ever shopped until your hands are full of bags, you know how handy automatic doors can be when it’s time to head to the car!
1.4 USES FOR MOTION SENSORS
Motion sensors aren’t just used for home security. In industrial fields, they are used on assembly lines to keep track of the number of products and to shut down dangerous equipment if a person gets too close.
Here are a few other ways motion sensors are used:
- To open and close automatic Doors
- To turn on and off automatic water faucets and toilets
- To turn on lights when a person enters a room
- To control ATM displays
- At automatic ticket gates
- For some parking meters
Motion sensors aren’t just an additional feature of a security system—they are essential. Without sensors, there wouldn’t be a way to detect intruders.
Hopefully this motion sensor guide taught you the motion sensor’s role in your home’s security, the various technologies employed in motion detection, and how to properly install your sensors so they can do their job..
The Title Page should be the first section of your project “Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System”, providing essential details like the project title, your name, your supervisor’s name, the institution, and the submission date. After that, the Abstract offers a brief summary of your project, touching on its purpose, methods, results, and conclusions in 150-300 words. The Acknowledgments section is where you can thank those who supported your research, such as your supervisor, peers, or organizations that provided resources.
Next, the Table of Contents organizes the Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System by listing its chapters and sections, along with page numbers for easy reference. The List of Figures and List of Tables help guide readers to specific visual elements like graphs, charts, or tables included in the document. There should also be an Abbreviations and Glossary section to explain any specialized terms or acronyms, making the content clearer to readers unfamiliar with the technical language.
The main body of the Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System should start with the Introduction, which provides background information, outlines the research problem, states your objectives, and gives a brief overview of your research methods. Following that, the Literature Review offers an in-depth look at previous research relevant to your project, identifying gaps your study aims to address. The Methodology section then explains the research design, tools, and data collection methods you used to conduct the project and analyze the data.
In the Results and Discussion section, you present your findings and discuss them in relation to the Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System research questions or objectives, often using tables or charts to help explain the data. The Conclusion summarizes the key results, discusses their implications, and suggests possible directions for future research. You may also include recommendations based on your findings, offering practical advice for improvements or applications. Finally, the Design And Constructionof A Passive Infrared (PIR) Based Automatic Door System project should include a References or Bibliography section to list all the sources you cited, as well as Appendices for any additional material. A Statement of Originality is often included to confirm the authenticity of your work