Design And Construction Of Battery Charger
This project which consists of four chapters deals extensively with the design and construction of a battery charger which is capable charging a 12 volts, battery.
The first chapter which is the introductory chapter goes a long way in defining the battery charger and explaining of the mode of operation.
The second chapter went further to explain each component part of the battery charger. This ranges from:-
1. The transformer
2. The rectifier circuit
3. The filtering stage
4. Voltage regulation
5. Comparator
6. Thyristor
7. Resistor
8. Diode
9. Relay
10. Zener diode and
11. Light emitting diode (LED)
The third chapter explains more about the Testing Sensing and switching processes in the charger. It also gave the list of components and the circuit diagram of the battery charger.
The concluding chapter being fourth, tells us more about the circuit arrangements and the construction of casing and finally the overall cost analysis.
1.1 INTRODUCTION
A device, which consist of electrodes and electrolyte for the storage of chemical energy, but brings about a reaction between its electrodes and the electrolyte in a way to cause the flow of electrons through an external circuit is known as a battery.
There are two types of batteries, these include the primary and secondary battery. The primary (dry cell) is one whose electrolyte dries up when used to its ampere-hour rating and cannot be recharged while the secondary (wet cell) is one whose chemical energy can be restored through a charging process. There are different types of secondary battery. These comprises lead acid, Nickel-cadmium and silver zinc battery.
Furthermore, a battery is a combination of cells connected together and a cell is a simple source of electric potential. The maintenance of secondary battery is of importance partially where maximum performance and life are obtained. As long as a battery is in use, its stored chemical energy, which is being converted to electrical energy falls. This falls in chemical energy leads to a corresponding fall in its terminal voltage.
A constant potential method of charging is adopted in this project work. It is a phenomenon whereby the alternating voltage from the main is converted to direct voltage through rectification.
The direct current from the rectifier is then passed through the battery that is being charged in the reversed direction in which the battery supplies current to the external circuit. The charger is intended to charge batteries with terminal voltage up to 12volts. It incorporates a sensing technique to monitor when the battery has been charged to its rated terminal voltage so as to automatically cut off supply to the battery.
Hence, a battery charger which is of low cost, highly efficient and cheap to maintain is needed to restore its rated terminal voltage.
The entire circuit is made up of five basic units and details of each units is highlighted in the subsequent chapters.
Title Page
Approval Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Chapter One
1.1 Introduction
Chapter Two
2.1 Block Diagram Of Battery Charger
2.2 Transformer
2.3 Ac To Dc Converter
2.4 Filtering
2.5 Voltage Regulation
2.6 Comparator
2.7 Thyristor
2.8 Resistor
2.9 Diode
2.10 Relay
2.11 Zener Diode
Chapter Three
3.1 Network Synthesis And Testing
3.2 Power Supply
3.3 Sensing And Switching Circuit
3.4 Battery Condition Test
3.5 List Of Component Values
Chapter Four
4.1 Conclusion
4.2 Cost Analysis
Bibliography
The Title Page should be the first section of your project “Design And Construction Of Battery Charger”, providing essential details like the project title, your name, your supervisor’s name, the institution, and the submission date. After that, the Abstract offers a brief summary of your project, touching on its purpose, methods, results, and conclusions in 150-300 words. The Acknowledgments section is where you can thank those who supported your research, such as your supervisor, peers, or organizations that provided resources.
Next, the Table of Contents organizes the Design And Construction Of Battery Charger by listing its chapters and sections, along with page numbers for easy reference. The List of Figures and List of Tables help guide readers to specific visual elements like graphs, charts, or tables included in the document. There should also be an Abbreviations and Glossary section to explain any specialized terms or acronyms, making the content clearer to readers unfamiliar with the technical language.
The main body of the Design And Construction Of Battery Charger should start with the Introduction, which provides background information, outlines the research problem, states your objectives, and gives a brief overview of your research methods. Following that, the Literature Review offers an in-depth look at previous research relevant to your project, identifying gaps your study aims to address. The Methodology section then explains the research design, tools, and data collection methods you used to conduct the project and analyze the data.
In the Results and Discussion section, you present your findings and discuss them in relation to the Design And Construction Of Battery Charger research questions or objectives, often using tables or charts to help explain the data. The Conclusion summarizes the key results, discusses their implications, and suggests possible directions for future research. You may also include recommendations based on your findings, offering practical advice for improvements or applications. Finally, the Design And Construction Of Battery Charger project should include a References or Bibliography section to list all the sources you cited, as well as Appendices for any additional material. A Statement of Originality is often included to confirm the authenticity of your work