Design And Construction Of An All-In-One Tester Circuit
All in one multi-tester is quite expensive which may not affordable for every electronics beginners. This work is on a cheap all in one tester circuit that can be used to test the condition of almost all the electronics component from basic resistor to advance ICs. The circuit all in one tester is used to detect polarity, continuity, logic sate and also activity of multivibrator.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROBLEM/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
2.2 REVIEW OF RELATED TERMS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.5 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.6 IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS USED IN THIS CIRCUIT
3.7 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING
4.4.1 PRE-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.4.2 POST-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING
4.5 RESULT
4.6 COST ANALYSIS
4.7 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
Description of All in One Tester Circuit
The circuit of all in one tester is so simple that it can also understand by beginners. The circuit of all in one tester contains two transistor and very few other passive components. Transistor T1 and T2 is used here as switch, driving the one half of bicolor LED each in order to give result of the test.
Initially, the circuit is in off mode, when switch SW1 is pressed, transistor T1 stops conducting due to lack of forward bias. At the same time transistor T2 takes base bias voltage from the battery through resistor R1 and conducts. This allows the red half of bicolor LED1 to illuminate.
Transistor T1 conducts when the positive voltage through resistor R3 is given to base of transistor T1 and light up the green half of LED1. In conduction of transistor T1 transistor T2 turns off and vice-versa.
Thus from the description, we know that the functioning of the circuit thus depends on the signal obtained at the base of transistor T1. The table below gives the testing procedure for various components with the expected indication or result.
Bi-Color LED Status for Various Tests |
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| Component/test | Test Procedure | LED1 Status | Result | Note |
| Continuity | Red and black probes to the test points | Green ‘on’ | Continuity | |
| Red ‘on’ | No continuity | |||
| Polarity | Red probe to the positive of the circuit and black probe to the test point | Green ‘on’ | Positive | Circuit should be ‘on’ |
| Red ‘on’ | Negative or no power | |||
| Logic | Red probe to the circuit’s positive and black probe to the output | Green ‘on’ | High | Circuit should be ‘on’ |
| Red ‘on’ | Low | |||
| IC | Red probe to the circuit’s positive and black probe to the output | Green ‘on’ | High | Circuit should be ‘on’ |
| Red ‘on’ | Low | |||
| Multivibrator IC 555 | Red probe to the circuit’s positive and black probe to the output | Color changes from red to yellow to green clinically | IC oscillating | Circuit should be ‘on’ |
| Red ‘on’ | No oscillation | |||
| Electrolytic Capacitor | Red probe to the positive and black to the negative lead | Green gradually turns red | Capacitor good | Capacitor should be discharged |
| Red ‘on’ | Capacitor faulty | |||
| Diode (LED/Photodiode/IR diode) | Red probe to the anode and black probe to the cathode | Green ‘on’ | Good | 1 killo-ohm resistor should be connected to the anode of LEDs |
| Red probe to the cathode and black probe to the anode | Red ‘on’ | Good | ||
| In both conditions | Color remains the same (either green or red) | Open /short | ||
| Resistor (1 ohm to 500 Kilo ohms) | Red and black probes to the ends of the resistor | Green ‘on’ | Good | |
| Red ‘on’ | Faulty | |||
| Transistor | Red probe to the base of the transistor and the black probe first to the collector and then to the emitter | Green ‘on’ and again green ‘on’ | Transistor conducts | Circuit should be ‘on’ |
| Black probe to the base of the transistor and red probe first to the collector and then to the emitter | Green ‘on’ and then red ‘on’ | Transistor doesn’t conduct | ||
Ch
PARTS LIST OF ALL IN ONE TESTER CIRCUIT
| Resistor (all ¼-watt, ± 5% Carbon) |
| R1 = 1.8 KΩ
R2 = 1.5 KΩ R3 = 4.7 KΩ |
| Capacitor |
| C1 = 1 µF, 16V (Electrolytic Capacitor) |
| Semiconductors |
| T1, T2 = BC548 (General Purpose NPN Transistor)
D1 = 1N4001 (General Purpose Rectifier Diode) LED1 = Bi-color LED |
| Miscellaneous |
| B1 = 9V battery
SW1 = on/off switch |
The Title Page should be the first section of your project “Design And Construction Of An All-In-One Tester Circuit”, providing essential details like the project title, your name, your supervisor’s name, the institution, and the submission date. After that, the Abstract offers a brief summary of your project, touching on its purpose, methods, results, and conclusions in 150-300 words. The Acknowledgments section is where you can thank those who supported your research, such as your supervisor, peers, or organizations that provided resources.
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The main body of the Design And Construction Of An All-In-One Tester Circuit should start with the Introduction, which provides background information, outlines the research problem, states your objectives, and gives a brief overview of your research methods. Following that, the Literature Review offers an in-depth look at previous research relevant to your project, identifying gaps your study aims to address. The Methodology section then explains the research design, tools, and data collection methods you used to conduct the project and analyze the data.
In the Results and Discussion section, you present your findings and discuss them in relation to the Design And Construction Of An All-In-One Tester Circuit research questions or objectives, often using tables or charts to help explain the data. The Conclusion summarizes the key results, discusses their implications, and suggests possible directions for future research. You may also include recommendations based on your findings, offering practical advice for improvements or applications. Finally, the Design And Construction Of An All-In-One Tester Circuit project should include a References or Bibliography section to list all the sources you cited, as well as Appendices for any additional material. A Statement of Originality is often included to confirm the authenticity of your work