Design And Construction Of A Monostable Multivibrator
ABSTRACT
Multivibrators produce an output wave shape resembling that of a symmetrical or asymmetrical square wave and as such are the most commonly used of all the square wave generators. Multivibrators belong to a family of oscillators commonly called “Relaxation Oscillators”. Multivibrators have two different electrical states, an output “HIGH” state and an output “LOW” state giving them either a stable or quasi-stable state depending upon the type of multivibrator. One such type of a two state pulse generator configuration are called Monostable Multivibrators. Monostable Multivibrators have only ONE stable state, and produce a single output pulse when it is triggered externally. Monostable Multivibrators only return back to their first original and stable state after a period of time determined by the time constant of the RC coupled circuit.
The aim of this work is to design a monostable type of multivibrator.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
2.3 OPERATIONAL REVIEW OF MONOSTABLE
2.4 DESCRIPTION OF 555 TIMERS IC
2.5 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF 555 TIMER IC
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BASICS OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 SYSTEM DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 CIRCUIT WITH INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.5 THEORY OF RESISTOR
3.5 THEORY OF CAPACITOR
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.4 PACKAGING
4.5 MOUNTING PROCEDURE
4.6 RESULT
4.7 COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 REFERENCES
The 555 timer gets its name from the three 5 kΩ resistors it uses to generate the two comparators reference voltage. It is a very cheap, popular and useful precision timing device that can act as either a simple timer to generate single pulses or long time delays, or as a relaxation oscillator producing stabilized waveforms of varying duty cycles from 50 to 100%. In this tutorial, the presenter will demonstrate how to setup 555 timer circuit in monostable mode. This will allow an LED to be turned on for a specific duration after pressing a button. The time the LED stays on can be changed by changing the resistance and capacitance in the circuit.
The 555 timer chip is extremely robust and stable 8-pin device. It can be operated either as a very accurate Monostable, Bistable or Astable multivibrator to produce a variety of applications. Some of the applications include one-shot or delay timers, pulse generation, LED and lamp flashers, alarms and tone generation, logic clocks, frequency division, power supplies and converters etc. In fact any circuit that requires some form of time control uses the timer IC as the list is endless.
The Title Page should be the first section of your project “Design And Construction Of A Monostable Multivibrator”, providing essential details like the project title, your name, your supervisor’s name, the institution, and the submission date. After that, the Abstract offers a brief summary of your project, touching on its purpose, methods, results, and conclusions in 150-300 words. The Acknowledgments section is where you can thank those who supported your research, such as your supervisor, peers, or organizations that provided resources.
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The main body of the Design And Construction Of A Monostable Multivibrator should start with the Introduction, which provides background information, outlines the research problem, states your objectives, and gives a brief overview of your research methods. Following that, the Literature Review offers an in-depth look at previous research relevant to your project, identifying gaps your study aims to address. The Methodology section then explains the research design, tools, and data collection methods you used to conduct the project and analyze the data.
In the Results and Discussion section, you present your findings and discuss them in relation to the Design And Construction Of A Monostable Multivibrator research questions or objectives, often using tables or charts to help explain the data. The Conclusion summarizes the key results, discusses their implications, and suggests possible directions for future research. You may also include recommendations based on your findings, offering practical advice for improvements or applications. Finally, the Design And Construction Of A Monostable Multivibrator project should include a References or Bibliography section to list all the sources you cited, as well as Appendices for any additional material. A Statement of Originality is often included to confirm the authenticity of your work